政府工作報(bào)告-2016年工作回顧-譯語(yǔ)翻譯摘錄 Delivered at the Fifth Session of the 12th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2017 3月17日譯文
各位代表：
Esteemed Deputies,
現(xiàn)在，我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告政府工作，請(qǐng)予審議，并請(qǐng)全國(guó)政協(xié)各位委員提出意見(jiàn)。
On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government and ask for your deliberation and approval. I also wish to have comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
過(guò)去一年，我國(guó)發(fā)展面臨國(guó)內(nèi)外諸多矛盾疊加、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患交匯的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國(guó)各族人民迎難而上，砥礪前行，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。黨的十八屆六中全會(huì)正式明確習(xí)近平總書(shū)記的核心地位，體現(xiàn)了黨和人民的根本利益，對(duì)保證黨和國(guó)家興旺發(fā)達(dá)、長(zhǎng)治久安，具有十分重大而深遠(yuǎn)的意義。各地區(qū)、各部門(mén)不斷增強(qiáng)政治意識(shí)、大局意識(shí)、核心意識(shí)、看齊意識(shí)，推動(dòng)全面建成小康社會(huì)取得新的重要進(jìn)展，全面深化改革邁出重大步伐，全面依法治國(guó)深入實(shí)施，全面從嚴(yán)治黨縱深推進(jìn)，全年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)圓滿完成，“十三五”實(shí)現(xiàn)了良好開(kāi)局。
In the past year, China's development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad.However, under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we the Chinese people have risen to the challenge and worked hard to press ahead, driving forward sustained, healthy economic and social development.At the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th Party Central Committee,the core position of General Secretary Xi Jinping was formally affirmed, which reflects the fundamental interests of the Party and the Chinese people, and is of crucial and far-reaching significance for ensuring the flourishing and long-term stability of the Party and the country. All regions and all government departments have steadily strengthened their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, uphold the leadership core, and keep in alignment.Pushing ahead with all-around efforts, we have achieved major progress in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, made important strides in deepening reform, continued to exercise law-based governance, and made further progress in practicing strict Party self-governance; and we have accomplished the year's main tasks and targets for economic and social development, and got the 13th Five-Year Plan off to a great start.
——就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)超出預(yù)期。全年城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1314萬(wàn)人。高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)人數(shù)再創(chuàng)新高。年末城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率4.02%，為多年來(lái)最低。13億多人口的發(fā)展中大國(guó)，就業(yè)比較充分，十分不易。
Employment growth exceeded projections. A total of 13.14 million new urban jobs were added over the course of the year. The number of college graduates finding employment or starting businesses reached another record high. The registered urban unemployment rate stood at 4.02 percent at year-end 2016, the lowest level in years. For China, a large developing country with a population of over 1.3 billion, attaining this level of employment is no easy task.
——改革開(kāi)放深入推進(jìn)。重要領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革取得突破性進(jìn)展，供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革初見(jiàn)成效。對(duì)外開(kāi)放推出新舉措，“一帶一路”建設(shè)進(jìn)展快速，一批重大工程和國(guó)際產(chǎn)能合作項(xiàng)目落地。
Continued advances were made in reform and opening up. Breakthroughs were made in reforms in major sectors and key links, and initial success was achieved in supply-side structural reform. New measures were introduced for opening China up, rapid progress was made in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative, and a number of major projects and industrial-capacity cooperation projects with other countries were launched.
二是著力抓好“三去一降一補(bǔ)”，供給結(jié)構(gòu)有所改善。以鋼鐵、煤炭行業(yè)為重點(diǎn)去產(chǎn)能，全年退出鋼鐵產(chǎn)能超過(guò)6500萬(wàn)噸、煤炭產(chǎn)能超過(guò)2.9億噸，超額完成年度目標(biāo)任務(wù)，分流職工得到較好安置。支持農(nóng)民工在城鎮(zhèn)購(gòu)房，提高棚改貨幣化安置比例，房地產(chǎn)去庫(kù)存取得積極成效。推動(dòng)企業(yè)兼并重組，發(fā)展直接融資，實(shí)施市場(chǎng)化法治化債轉(zhuǎn)股，工業(yè)企業(yè)資產(chǎn)負(fù)債率有所下降。著眼促進(jìn)企業(yè)降成本，出臺(tái)減稅降費(fèi)、降低“五險(xiǎn)一金”繳費(fèi)比例、下調(diào)用電價(jià)格等舉措。加大補(bǔ)短板力度，辦了一批當(dāng)前急需又利長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的大事。
Second, we focused on five priority tasks -- cutting overcapacity, reducing excess inventory, deleveraging, lowering costs, and strengthening areas of weakness -- thereby improving the composition of supply.
Particular priority was given to cutting overcapacity in the steel and coal sectors. Over the year, steel production capacity was cut by more than 65 million metric tons and coal by over 290 million metric tons, going beyond annual targets. Effective assistance was provided to laid-off employees.
We supported migrant workers in buying urban homes; and we increased the proportion of people affected by rebuilding in rundown urban areas receiving monetary compensation, making good progress in reducing real estate inventory.
Business acquisitions and reorganizations were encouraged, direct financing was promoted, and market- and law-based debt-to-equity swaps were carried out, lowering the debt-to-asset ratio of industrial enterprises.
To help enterprises lower operating costs, we introduced measures to cut taxes and fees, lower the share paid by enterprises for social security contributions(Notes: This includes old-age insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance, workers' compensation, maternity insurance, and housing provident fund schemes). We boosted efforts to strengthen areas of weakness and undertook major initiatives that both help to meet urgent needs today and promise long-term benefits.
三是大力深化改革開(kāi)放，發(fā)展活力進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)。全面深化改革，推出一批標(biāo)志性、支柱性改革舉措。圍繞處理好政府和市場(chǎng)關(guān)系這一經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的核心問(wèn)題，持續(xù)推進(jìn)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)改革。在提前完成本屆政府減少行政審批事項(xiàng)三分之一目標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上，去年又取消165項(xiàng)國(guó)務(wù)院部門(mén)及其指定地方實(shí)施的審批事項(xiàng)，清理規(guī)范192項(xiàng)審批中介服務(wù)事項(xiàng)、220項(xiàng)職業(yè)資格許可認(rèn)定事項(xiàng)。深化商事制度改革。全面推行“雙隨機(jī)、一公開(kāi)”，增強(qiáng)事中事后監(jiān)管的有效性，推進(jìn)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+政務(wù)服務(wù)”。推動(dòng)國(guó)有企業(yè)調(diào)整重組和混合所有制改革。建立公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)審查制度。深化資源稅改革。完善農(nóng)村土地“三權(quán)分置”辦法，建立貧困退出機(jī)制。推進(jìn)科技管理體制改革，擴(kuò)大高校和科研院所自主權(quán)，出臺(tái)以增加知識(shí)價(jià)值為導(dǎo)向的分配政策。放開(kāi)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)市場(chǎng)。擴(kuò)大公立醫(yī)院綜合改革試點(diǎn)，深化藥品醫(yī)療器械審評(píng)審批制度改革。制定自然資源統(tǒng)一確權(quán)登記辦法，開(kāi)展省以下環(huán)保機(jī)構(gòu)監(jiān)測(cè)監(jiān)察執(zhí)法垂直管理、耕地輪作休耕改革等試點(diǎn)，全面推行河長(zhǎng)制，健全生態(tài)保護(hù)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。改革為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展增添了新動(dòng)力。
Third, we worked hard to deepen reform and opening up, further strengthening the vitality of development.Reform was deepened across the board, and a good number of landmark and pillar reform initiatives were undertaken.
To balance the government-market relationship -- the pivotal issue in economic structural reform -- we continued reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services. My administration's goal of cutting the number of items requiring government review by a third had been achieved ahead of schedule. On that basis, last year we cancelled the requirement on a further 165 items for review by State Council departments and authorized local governments. We also overhauled and standardized 192 items of intermediary services for government review as well as 220 items of approvals and accreditations for professional qualifications. We deepened institutional reforms in the business sector. We introduced an oversight model of random inspection and public release across the board(Note: The model comprises inspections of randomly selected entities by randomly selected inspectors and the public release of inspection results., and cut the price of electricity), made operational and post-operational oversight more effective, and promoted the Internet Plus government services model.
We pushed ahead with reforms to restructure and reorganize state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and introduce into them mixed ownership structures. We established a review system to ensure fair competition. We deepened resource tax reforms.
We improved measures for separating rural land ownership rights, contract rights, and management rights, and established a mechanism for determining whether people have been lifted out of poverty. We made progress in reforming the science and technology management system, gave greater autonomy to colleges and research institutes, and adopted profit distribution policies oriented toward increasing the value of knowledge. We opened up the elderly services market. We expanded the trials of comprehensive reforms in public hospitals and deepened reform of the evaluation and approval systems for medicine and medical equipment.
We formulated unified measures to determine and register natural resource rights. We piloted reforms for conducting direct oversight by provincial-level environmental protection agencies over the environmental monitoring and inspection work of environmental protection agencies below the provincial level, as well as crop rotation and fallow land reforms. The river chief system was introduced for all lakes and rivers across the country, and the mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts were improved. Reform has given new impetus to economic and social development.
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