據(jù)美國趣味科學網(wǎng)站19日報道，為遏制全球變暖趨勢，美國工程師研制出了迄今為止最白的涂料。他們表示，給建筑物涂上這種涂料或許能給它們降溫，從而減少對空調(diào)的需求。

According to a report from the American Fun Science website on the 19th, in order to curb global warming, American engineers have developed the whitest paint so far. They said that applying this kind of paint to buildings might cool them down, thereby reducing the need for air conditioning.

最新研究負責人、普渡大學機械工程學教授阮秀林說：“如果用這種涂料覆蓋面積約1000平方英尺（約93平方米）的屋頂，估計可以獲得10千瓦的冷卻能力，這比大多數(shù)住宅使用的中央空調(diào)都更高效。”

Ruan Xiulin, a professor of mechanical engineering at Purdue University, the head of the latest research, said: “If you use this kind of coating to cover an area of ??about 1,000 square feet (about 93 square meters) of roof, it is estimated that you can obtain a cooling capacity of 10 kilowatts, which is more than most residential buildings. The central air-conditioning used is more efficient."

　　研究人員篩選了100多種材料，測試了10種不同的配方，最后用高濃度硫酸鋇研制出了這種超白涂料。硫酸鋇也被用來制造相紙和化妝用白粉。

Researchers screened more than 100 materials, tested 10 different formulations, and finally developed this ultra-white paint using high-concentration barium sulfate. Barium sulfate is also used to make photo paper and cosmetic white powder.

　　研究顯示，這種新的最白涂料配方最高能反射98.1%的陽光（此前研制出的超白涂料能反射95.5%的陽光），同樣能將紅外線熱量從物體表面散射出去。

Research shows that this new whitest paint formula can reflect up to 98.1% of sunlight (the ultra-white paint previously developed can reflect 95.5% of sunlight), and it can also scatter infrared heat from the surface of the object.

　　涂料中硫酸鋇顆粒的尺寸各不相同。普渡大學機械工程學博士約瑟夫·皮普爾斯解釋：“尺寸不同的顆粒高度集中，使涂料具有最廣泛的光譜散射能力，進而使反射率達到最高水平。”

The size of the barium sulfate particles in the paint varies. Joseph Pepples, Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Purdue University, explained: “The high concentration of particles of different sizes gives the coating the widest spectrum of scattering capabilities and the highest level of reflectivity.”

　　研究人員稱，這種涂料還是有記錄以來最涼爽的涂料，利用名為熱電偶的高精度讀取設(shè)備，他們在炎熱的夏天借助戶外試驗證明，這種涂料能使物體表面溫度在夜間比周圍環(huán)境低19華氏度（約10.6攝氏度）。在中午陽光最強時，它也能讓物體表面溫度比周圍低8華氏度（約4.4攝氏度）。

The researchers said that this paint is still the coolest paint on record. Using a high-precision reading device called a thermocouple, they used outdoor tests in the hot summer to prove that the paint can make the surface temperature of the object higher than the surroundings at night. The environment is 19 degrees Fahrenheit (about 10.6 degrees Celsius) low. When the sun is strongest at noon, it can also make the surface temperature of the object 8 degrees Fahrenheit (about 4.4 degrees Celsius) lower than the surroundings.

　　目前，已經(jīng)有一些城市正在為節(jié)能而粉刷屋頂。科學家們也在考慮使用涂料粉刷那些無人居住的地方以冷卻地球。

At present, some cities are already painting their roofs for energy conservation. Scientists are also considering using paint to paint uninhabited places to cool the earth.

 

From website: http://www.xinhuanet.com/